Why does Diwali mean different things to different people?

Because the stories told about it vary widely by region, even though they share a focus on righteousness, self-inquiry and the importance of knowledge. Diwali, from Dipavali, "a row or series of lights", is the Hindu festival of lights. It is associated with the triumph of dharma over adharma, light over darkness, good over evil and knowledge over ignorance. It falls between around mid-October and mid-November, and the celebrations generally last five or six days.

Why the lights? That depends on who you ask. One tradition links Diwali to the day Rama returned to Ayodhya with Sita and Lakshmana after defeating the demon king Ravana. In another popular tradition, Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu, killed the demon Narakasura. Many Hindus also associate Diwali with Lakshmi, the goddess of prosperity, and with Ganesha, the remover of obstacles. In eastern India, Hindus link the festival to the goddess Kali. In Gujarat, and some northern communities, Diwali marks the start of a new year.

The stories vary widely by region, and even within Hindu tradition.

The festival goes beyond Hindus. Jains observe their own Diwali for the final liberation of Mahavira, and Sikhs celebrate Bandi Chhor Divas for the release of Guru Hargobind from a Mughal prison.

On the day itself, celebrants illuminate homes, temples and workspaces with oil lamps, candles and lanterns. Hindus typically do not fast during Diwali: they feast and share the bounties of the season.